📊 Data Sources

• Gasoline Prices: Provided by GlobalPetrolPrices.com.
  Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.
• Electricity Prices: Aggregated from Eurostat, US EIA, and World Population Review.
• Carbon Intensity (Grid): Sourced from Our World in Data (2023/2024 datasets).

🧮 Methodology

The calculations are estimates based on national averages. Battery manufacturing carbon debt is estimated at 100kg CO2 per kWh of capacity (standard industry average).

Operating costs (Opex) include estimated maintenance savings for EVs (approx. 40% lower than internal combustion engines).